International Research Journal on Advanced Science Hub

Academic writing is used a lot in the academic field and general writing as a distinct genre discourse in the linguistic and socio-cultural fields. Good writers generally use well-formed sentences; they often establish connections between sentences. Writing an essay is still a critical problem for most EFL under- graduate students since they are still not able to establish connections between sentences. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usage of conjunc- tions as cohesive devices in expository essays produced by EFL fourth-year undergraduate students majoring in the English language at the Department of English language and literature, Hashemite University in Jordan. A corpus of 30 expository essays were collected by using a simple purposive sampling technique to answer the questions of the study based on the theory of cohesion analysis by refining the grammatical cohesive related aspect based on Halli- day and Hasan’s (1976) taxonomy of conjunction. The results show that addi- tive conjunction covers the largest proportion of (57.70%) followed by causal conjunction (6.44%), adversative conjunction (3.64%), and temporal conjunc- tion (3.64%). On the other hand, the analysis reveals that students use addi- tive conjunction (17.93%), causal conjunction (5.32%), adversative conjunc- tion (3.36%), and temporal conjunction (1.96%) inappropriately. This study contributes to the written discourse and pedagogy within the field of teaching English for academic writing. The study recommends that grammatical cohe- sive devices and their function should be explained to the students through explicit teaching, not as separated grammatical items but as discourse seman- tic resources of text creation.

The advancements made in technology of robotics have made the existence of humankind simpler and comfortable. This work aims at developing a robot for waste collection, segregation and floor cleaning for domestic purpose. The robot expedites and eases the floor cleaning process by employing wire- less technologies. Robot movement is controlled by the end-user through an Android application. The Shuchi 1.0 model can also be configured to work in the semi-autonomous mode, requiring minimum intervention from the end-user. The system is fitted with sensors to detect the obstacles then changes the course of its path, mounted with a camera and LCD screen to ensure its effective work- ing. It is also equipped with an automatic waste segregator, which overcomes the need for manual segregation, thus having a positive impact on health and the environment. With these Shuchi 1.0 working features, it seeks to realize the goal of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan by capitalizing on the technologies of IoT and Robotics.

Research was carried out on the production of extracellular laccase enzyme by fungi isolated from different lignocellulolytic waste soils within the Bhilai- Durg region of Chhattisgarh, India. Soil samples were collected from lignocel- lulolytic waste such as flower, citrus peel and paddy straw soil and immediately transported to laboratory for analysis. Fungal colony was isolated by the serial dilution method on potato dextrose agar. A total of 49 fungal cultures were isolated from the soil samples. Isolated fungal culture were screened for pro- duction of laccase enzyme in guaiacol containing potato dextrose agar plate. Laccase producing fungi was morphological identified by Agharkar Research Institute in Pune. The fungal isolates were identified as Scytalidium lignicola, Humicola fuscoatra, Fusarium sp., Paecilomyces sp., Curvularia sp., Fusar- ium sp., Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium sp., Penicillium sp. And Histoplasma capsulatum