International Research Journal on Advanced Science Hub

The Christian faith was not merely a matter of knowledge (cognitive domain) alone, but also about feelings and attitudes (affective domain), and deed or practice (psychomotor aspects). All domains in the viewpoint of the Christian faith influenced each other so that all need to get the same judgment. The problem was they were no longer having public meeting, especially in Christian education classes. In the other hand, it was hard to touch affective domain without face-to-face learning. This study investigated the effect of cooperative learning on affective domain in Christian education during the global pandemic of Covid-19. This study was conducted among forty Christian students, and adopted quasi-experimental design with two groups, the experimental group and control group. Prior to the t analysis, the pre-requite test for normality had been conducted. Then, data were analyzed by using paired sample T-Test. The result of analysis revealed that that affective domain in Christian education can be promoted by cooperative learning. Paired sample t-test showed that the value of significance (2-tailed) was less than 0.05, indicated that there was a significant difference of mean between pre-test and post-test results. In this regard, cooperative learning can be solution to increase affective domain in Christian education during pandemic. Further studies are suggested to be conducted with larger samples.

Foreign direct investment plays an important part in developing countries’ economic development. Improving the international economic transactions has become more critical than trade. Non-debt generating capital inflow from foreign investors encourages enhanced efficiency, technology development, and infrastructure strengthening and job creation opportunities. Therefore every economy seeks to attract FDI by establishing a favorable environment for foreign investment and providing the foreign investors with facilities and inducements. Increasing socio-economic determinants in an economy affect FDI. In this paper an attempt has made to study the impact of FDI on Gross domestic product, gross domestic saving, per capita income and Foreign exchange rate by using bivariate log-log regression.

The evolution of blockchain methodology has been a remarkable, highly transformative and trend-setting platform in current years. BT's accessible platform reinforces data protection and confidentiality. In addition, the consensus framework in it ensures system is protected and accurate. Nevertheless, it introduces additional security challenges such as invasion by the majority and double consumption. Data analysis on encrypted data centered on blockchain is crucial to manage the existing challenges. Insights on these results elevates the value of emerging of Machine Learning technique. It covers the fair quantity of data needed to make specific choices. Consistency of data and its distribution are very critical in ML to increase findings reliability. The fusion of these two techniques will produce extremely accurate outcomes. In this article, we describe a thorough analysis on ML implementation to make smart applications based on BT further robust to threats. There are numerous standard ML approaches such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Clustering, Bagging, and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long-Term Memory (LSTM) that can be employed to evaluate the threats on a block chain network. Finally, we discuss how two different techniques can be implemented in a number of smart applications like Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), Smart Grid (SG), medical care and Smart cities.

The primary purpose of the study focuses on the aerodynamic performance of Go Kart with optimized fairing designs using Computational fluid dynamics (CFD). CFD is a modelling technique for fluids which utilizes iterative methods to solve continuity and momentum equations as well as any other auxiliary equations depending upon the type of application. The computational simulations are carried out assuming the steady state viscous fluid flow using Reynolds-averaged-Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and the standard shear stress transport (SST) k-ω. This paper studies the effect of the modified fairing on the overall aerodynamic performance of the kart such as the amount of drag force and down force generated at different speeds as well the coefficient of drag of the entire kart model (C_d). Three models with different fairing designs were created using CAD software SOLIDWORKS 2018 and analyzed using ANSYS Fluent, the latter two models having optimized fairing designs. The aerodynamic behaviour of the three models Fairing 1, 1.1 & 1.2 is observed at 60 kmph and the simulated result indicates improved aerodynamic performance by both optimized fairings. Fairing 3 in particular exhibits nearly 48% decrease in drag force and a 10% decrease in C_d. This can offer a significantly better performance and reduced fuel consumption compared to the original design.

The present investigation is carried out using lake water from Bhiwandi city. Most of the biological organisms, micro-organisms present in the water require oxygen for their survival and growth. They utilize the oxygen present in the water. The biological processes decompose oxygen present in the water which may result in decrease in the level of oxygen to such extent which is necessary for normal growth of other aqua fauna. It is found that decline in dissolved oxygen concentration is one of the most important factor that directly affect the lifecycle of most of the aquatic animals. The results of oxygen utilized by the biological process which may not necessary for aquatic ecosystem, are then compared with the standard values prescribed by the standard bodies.

An electro-mechanical device that is used to protect an electric circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit is used widely and it is known as Moulded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB). This paper deals with the conceptualization of an alternate model for the mechanism used in MCCB. Forces in the mechanism are directly related to friction between the components so, if we manage to reduce the co-efficient of friction between the components without affecting its function there is a scope of reducing reset forces of themechanism. The new model of sub-assembly in MCCB mechanism has a roller contact between the surfaces instead of sliding contact as compared to the existing mechanism. After calculating forces between all the components using rolling friction, it can be concluded that reset force is expected to reduce by 3-4 kilograms.

The objective of the presented work is to study the operating parameters and their effects on the performance of an air breathing PEM fuel cell. In this study, we have theoretically calculated the losses associated with the fuel cells. The performance of the fuel cell can be determined by using the polarisation curve. Polarization curves from which the output voltage can be found are studied in detail. The drop in cell voltage occurs due to several irreversibility in the working environment. Reduction in resistance due to activation energy, mass transport and charge transport can help in increasing the performance of the Fuel cells. The performance of a fuel cell is also affected by the factors such as exchange current density, transfer coefficient. The operating parameters like pressure, temperature are varied and the performance of the PEM fuels cells is recorded.

The compounds of Pb(Zr_0.35-xY_xTi_0.65)O₃ (x = 0.00, 0.10 and Y = Mn/Ce) stoichiometry were prepared by a standard solid state route of mixing. The lead zirconatetitanate (PZT) has been modified by substituting 10% of manganese (Mn⁺⁴), and cerium (Ce⁺⁴) ions, by replacing zirconium (Zr⁺⁴). The effect of substitution of Mn⁺⁴ and Ce⁺⁴ ions, on the electrical properties of PZT based ceramics, has been investigated systematically in this work. To study the impedance and modulus characteristics, adopted are the complex impedance and complex modulus spectroscopic methods respectively. Results indicated that the compounds exhibit negative coefficient of resistance behavior (as evident from impedance spectra), and real ionic conductor nature (as evident from modulus spectra). The electrical properties of the compounds are primarily dominated by the grains rather than grain boundaries and electrode-material interface polarization.

In this communication an attempt has been made to review, in brief, on Curie temperatures (T_c) of lead zirconatetitanate near morphotropical phase boundary. This review also includes 52/48 PZT modified by cadmium (Cd⁺²) in various amounts such as 5%, 10%, and 15%. We are proposing an easy method of selecting a substitution element for synthesizing modified lead zirconatetitanate (PZT) ceramics. Our investigation revealed that substitution of +3 valence elements will enhance T_c values whereas the substitution of +2 valence elements will decrease T_c. The change in T_c values is also attributed to ionic radii of modifier ions.

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT), being one of the most widely investigated ferroelectric, plays a crucial role in the development of technologies related to memories, sensors, actuators, etc. In this work, the samples of Pb(Zr_0.35-xY_xTi_0.65)O₃ (x = 0.00, 0.10 and Y = Mn/Ce) composition were synthesized, to investigate their conduction mechanism as a function of frequency and temperature. The temperature response of conductivity of the samples, over selected frequencies, indicated reduction in the barrier properties of the materials. It is observed that the magnitude of conductivity, over a wide range of frequency, is higher for cerium (Ce) modified PZT and lower and manganese (Mn) modified PZT. The negative coefficient of resistance behavior has been observed, from the nature of the variation of the conductivity of samples. Significantly, the conductivity spectra of the compounds is governed by Jonscher’s power law.

Traditional networking architectures have many limitations that need to be overcome to meet modern IT requirements. To overcome these limitations; Software Defined Networking (SDN) is taking place as the new networking approach. As traditional networking uses static switches, resource utilization is poor. There are packet loss and delay during switch breakdown. This paper proposes an implementation of a load balancing algorithm for an SDN based network to overcome the stated issues. To test the algorithm, a network is emulated using the Mininet and OpenDaylight platform (ODL) is used as an SDN controller. Python coding language is used to create fat-tree network topology and to write a load balancing algorithm. Finally, iPerf and Wireshark is used to test network performance. The network was tested before and after running the load balancing algorithm. The testing focused on some of the Quality of Service (QoS) parameters such as bandwidth and transfer rate in the fat-tree network. The algorithm increased bandwidth with at least more than 50\%, and improved network utilization